Mahatma Gandhi Biography
Politician
Lawyer
Activist-Writer
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi is also known as Mahatma Gandhi. He was the leader of Indian Independence Movement.
Childhood and Family
Gandhi was born on 2nd October 1869 to a Hindu family in Porbandar, Gujarat in British Indian empire. His father's name was Karamchand Gandhi and his mother's name was Putlibai Gandhi. His father was Diwan of Porbandar state. Mohandas had total three siblings that were two sisters and one brother. In childhood, he grew up to be a very shy child. At school he was not a brilliant student.
Married life and visit to England
In May 1883 when he was 13 years old, he got married to Kasturbai Makhanji Kapadia. While his wife was 14 years old at the time of marriage. They had four children.
At the age of 19, Gandhi went to England in 1888 to become a lawyer. He started to practice law after returning to India from South Africa in 1891 and then went to South Africa to work in a law firm. There he saw Rampant Acts of racism and discrimination. These acts angered him greatly.
Once he was asked to leave first class section in the train just on the basis of his color. Once he was also asked to remove his turban. These incidents angered him greatly and lead to generation of spirit to fight for social justice within him. He spent over 20 years in the country. He aimed at molding the Indian community of South Africa into a unified political force.
At the age of 19, Gandhi went to England in 1888 to become a lawyer. He started to practice law after returning to India from South Africa in 1891 and then went to South Africa to work in a law firm. There he saw Rampant Acts of racism and discrimination. These acts angered him greatly.
Once he was asked to leave first class section in the train just on the basis of his color. Once he was also asked to remove his turban. These incidents angered him greatly and lead to generation of spirit to fight for social justice within him. He spent over 20 years in the country. He aimed at molding the Indian community of South Africa into a unified political force.
Joining Indian National Congress
Gandhi returned to India in 1915. He joined the Indian National Congress and by 1920 he established himself as a dominant figure in the Indian political scenario. His followers gave him the title of "Mahatma" which means great soul. He called all the Indians to unite as one irrespective of the divisions of religion, caste and creed in the country's fight for independence.
Started Non Corporation Movement
In 1921, He started non-cooperation with British rule, that resulted in the boycott of British goods in favor of Indian made products.
He was also made the leader of the "Indian National Congress". This party was fighting for the independence at that time. Gandhi was arrested on 10 March, 1922 tried for Sedition and got imprisoned for two years.
In 1930, as a British government imposed tax on the salt, Gandhi took a 400 kilo metres March to seashore called Dandy. So as to show the protest he made salt with his own hands. He was joined by thousands of followers in the symbolic act of defiance against British rule. This campaign proved to be one of his most successful acts at upsetting British hold on India. Britain responded by imprisoning over 60,000 people.
He was also made the leader of the "Indian National Congress". This party was fighting for the independence at that time. Gandhi was arrested on 10 March, 1922 tried for Sedition and got imprisoned for two years.
In 1930, as a British government imposed tax on the salt, Gandhi took a 400 kilo metres March to seashore called Dandy. So as to show the protest he made salt with his own hands. He was joined by thousands of followers in the symbolic act of defiance against British rule. This campaign proved to be one of his most successful acts at upsetting British hold on India. Britain responded by imprisoning over 60,000 people.
Role in Independence of India
The second world started in 1939, at this time Gandhi thought it to be the right time to force the Britishers to quit. He started a moment in 1942 named as "Quit India movement". He ggot imprisonment for two years. He released before the end of the war in May 1944.
By the year 1947, the British government has enough troubles to seek in India and England so they decided to leave India but only after dividing it into two countries that is India and Pakistan. India got independent but it was not a result of peaceful process. It led to violent clashes between the Hindus and the Muslims. Gandhi repeatedly went to the hunger strikes so as to restore peace among the people.
By the year 1947, the British government has enough troubles to seek in India and England so they decided to leave India but only after dividing it into two countries that is India and Pakistan. India got independent but it was not a result of peaceful process. It led to violent clashes between the Hindus and the Muslims. Gandhi repeatedly went to the hunger strikes so as to restore peace among the people.
Death
On 30 January 1948, as Gandhi completed a two-day hunger strike in New Delhi he was shot dead by a Hindu nationalist called Nathuram Vinayak Godse at the age of 78. He established principles of truth and non-violence.
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